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Dry Eyes Treatment

Ocular Surface & Dry Eyes Treatment

Dry Eyes Treatment

Dry eye is the most common cause of eye discomfort leading to irritation in the eye, eye redness, watering of the eyes, itching of the eyes and tiredness. The incidence of dry eye is increasing day by day and it has been noted that 1 out of 3 persons in the age group of 21-40 years have dry eye. The most common cause is increased screen exposure of more than 4 hours per day. Increased age, Diabetes, hypertension, autoimmune diseases like Rheumatoid arthritis, and thyroid disorders contribute to dry eye.

To understand dry eye better, we should look at the natural tears produced by the eye. Tears have to coat the eyeball so that the eyelids blink smoothly, corneal health is maintained and one keeps on seeing clearly. Any factor that interferes with the tears, eyelids, or ocular surface (cornea) will lead to ocular discomfort and dry eye.

Natural tears are necessary and create a tear film over the eye which is composed of three layers. The outermost layer called the lipid layer which is an oily layer produced by Meibomian glands in the upper and lower eyelids. The aqueous or watery layers form the bulk of the tear film and are produced by lacrimal glands. The innermost thin layer is the mucin layer produced by the goblet cells of the conjunctiva, which is the white part of the eye.

Any imbalance in tear film leads to dry eye. Defect in the oily outermost layer is the most common cause of dry eye. Meibomian gland disease (MGD) is the most common cause of that defect leading to evaporative dry eye. When the aqueous or watery layer is affected the term secretory dry eye is used

Dry Eyes Treatment
Dry Eyes Treatment

Natural aging processes, especially after age 50

Antihistamines, decongestants, antidepressants, and blood pressure medications.

Wind, smoke, dry climates, and prolonged screen time.

Rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, thyroid disorders, and Sjögren’s syndrome.

Particularly in women during pregnancy, menopause, or while using oral contraceptives.

Prolonged or improper use can decrease tear production.

The most common causes of dry eye includes:

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